Assessment of hydraulic changes due to construction of a barrage in the Shatt Al-Basrah canal using one dimension model (Mike 11)

Abstract

Shatt Al-Basrah is an artificial Canal, started in 1971 and completed in 1983. It was established to reduce flood and drain the excess water during the flood seasons, as a canal alternative to Shatt al-Arab during the Iran-Iraq war. It delivers water to the Zubair area and Al Faw town for agricultural purposes. A deterioration of the water quality of the canal was occurred due to many reasons; most importantly was the close of the canal at the junction of Garmat-Ali which is affected by the semidiurnal rhythm of the Arabian Gulf. There is a regulator located at about 22 km from the head of the canal. The main purpose of the canal is to control water drainage during flood and mitigating the effects on both sides land. In this paper the canal was simulated by the existence of controlled barrage on the water way, closed during the flood tide time and opened at the ebb tide. The simulation results after calibration of the mathematical model with field measurements, matched with high accuracy. The tidal effects on the canal can be determined, and the rehabilitation of the canal and water management in the surrounding areas can be preformed. The results indicate the sensitivity of the mathematical model to predict the measurements of water level, volume of water, flow speed of the current, discharge, downstream and upstream direction of discharge and the effect of tidal range at any point along the canal at the closure and opening of the regulator